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Abstract

The history of Africa is full of the accounts of movements of people on large scales. Some of the movements had occurred in the form of conquests in war and some had taken place by a slow and largely peaceful shift to new lands. Such movements we are told, have been a feature of Africa in the past and are one of its most important demographic features at present. There is no phase of African history which can be understood without reference to the movements of people both before and during it." However, there are differences in types, magnitudes and the casual factors of the past and present migration in Africa. Prothero divides migration in Africa on the basis of continuity and change into three categories as follows:' (a) movements that took place in the past which no longer exist but which may help explain the present distribution of population (b) movements that have continued from the past into the present such as seasonal pastoral migrations, long term migratory drift, and religious pilgrimages and (c) movements that have developed in the recent times, such as downhill or rural -urban migrations. The bulk of migration studies now focus on the third category and justifiably so.

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